Zamkati
- Zinthu zosaloledwa ndi mimba
- Cocaine
- Chamba
- Kusuta ndi pakati
- Mowa ndi pakati
- Ali pachiwopsezo chotenga zovuta zophunzirira
- Zonena zaposachedwa
Amayi amafuna zabwino kwa ana awo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amasintha moyo wawo, amadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, amawerenga mabuku ambiri oyembekezera komanso olera, ndikupanga matani okonzekera pomwe akuyembekezera.
Amayi oyembekezera amapirira kusintha kwakukulu komwe kumachitika mthupi lawo, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, zilakolako zosalamulirika, komanso mahomoni omwe amawononga thanzi lawo komanso malingaliro awo.
Amapita kuchipatala kukapimidwa nthawi zonse asanabadwe komanso kupimidwa ndi ma ultrasound ndi mayeso ena azachipatala. Amachita zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti atsimikizire kuti mwana wosabadwayo ali ndi thanzi komanso akukula bwino.
Koma mzaka zapitazi, pakhala chiwonetsero chowonjezeka cha azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa komanso kusuta ali ndi pakati. Pakati pa mimba, chilichonse chomwe mayi woyembekezera amatenga m'thupi lake nthawi zambiri chimafika kwa mwana m'mimba mwake.
Kaya ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso zowonjezera mavitamini kapena zinthu zovulaza monga chikonga, mowa, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chilichonse chomwe chimalowa mthupi la mayi wapakati chimatha kukhudza mwana wosabadwayo.
Kudziwidwa ndi zinthu zovulaza izi kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, nthawi zina zakupha, pamwana wosabadwayo, komanso mayi wapakati.
Zinthu zosaloledwa ndi mimba
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo cocaine ndi methamphetamine, amadziwika kuti ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa m'thupi, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zonse, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, psychosis, ndi bongo.
Kwa mwana wosabadwa, kupezeka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatha kubweretsa zolemala zazikulu zakuthupi ndi zamaganizidwe zomwe zingawalepheretse moyo wawo wonse kapena kuwapha msanga.
Cocaine
Cocaine, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti coke, coca, kapena flake, imatha kuwononga mwana wosabadwayo nthawi yomweyo. Ana omwe adakumana ndi mankhwalawa m'mimba atha kukula ndi zofooka zathupi komanso kufooka kwamaganizidwe.
Makanda owonetsedwa ndi Cocaine ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi zilema zosakhalitsa zomwe zimakhudza kwamikodzo ndi mtima, komanso kubadwa ndi mitu yaying'ono, yomwe imatha kuwonetsa IQ yotsika.
Kuwonetsedwa ndi cocaine kumayambitsanso sitiroko, yomwe imatha kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kathupi kapena kufa kwa mwana wosabadwa.
Kwa mayi wapakati, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine kumawonjezera chiopsezo chake chopita padera asanakhale ndi pakati komanso kubereka asanabadwe komanso kubereka movutikira pambuyo pake. Mwana akabadwa, amathanso kukhala ochepa thupi komanso amakhala osachedwa kupsa mtima komanso ovuta kudyetsa.
Chamba
Kusuta chamba kapena kumeza mwa mtundu uliwonse sikuli bwinoko.
Chamba (chomwe chimatchedwanso udzu, mphika, chingwe, zitsamba, kapena hashi) chimadziwika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito psychoactive kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Zimapangitsa kuti munthu azisangalala kwambiri, pomwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amasangalala kwambiri komanso kuti samva kuwawa, komanso zimayambitsa kusintha kwadzidzidzi, kuyambira chisangalalo mpaka nkhawa, kupumula mpaka paranoia.
Kwa makanda osabadwa, kusuta chamba panthawi yomwe ali m'mimba mwa amayi awo kumatha kubweretsa kuchedwa kwanthawi yayitali ali akhanda komanso kumapeto kwa moyo wawo.
Pali maumboni ena omwe akuwonetsa kuti kusuta chamba kwa amayi asanakwane kumatha kubweretsa zovuta m'matenda a ana.
Makanda obadwa mwa azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali ndi pakati apezeka kuti "asintha mayankho awo pazowoneka zowoneka bwino, kuwonjezera kunjenjemera, ndikulira kwakukulu, komwe kumatha kuwonetsa zovuta zamitsempha," malinga ndi National Institute on Drug Abuse's (kapena NIDA's) Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu mu Akazi Kafukufuku Wofufuza.
Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha chamba amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikiritso zakuthawa komanso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chamba akadzakula.
Amayi oyembekezera nawonso amakhala ndi mwayi wochulukirachulukirachulukira 2.3. Palibe maphunziro aumunthu omwe amalumikiza chamba ndi kupita padera, koma kafukufuku wazinyama apakati apeza chiopsezo chowonjezeka chopita padera ndi chamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito koyambirira.
Kusuta ndi pakati
Kusuta ndudu kumatha kupha anthu ndikupangitsa khansa.
Mwana wosabadwa m'mimba samamasulidwa ku zotsatira zoyipa za kusuta kwa amayi awo. Chifukwa chakuti mayi ndi mwana wosabadwa amalumikizidwa kudzera mu nsengwa ndi umbilical, mwana wosabadwayo amatenganso chikonga ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amabwera kuchokera ku ndudu yomwe mayi akusuta.
Izi zikachitika koyambirira kwa mimba, mwana amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi zofooka zosiyanasiyana zamtima, kuphatikiza zolakwika za septal, zomwe zimakhala dzenje pakati pazipinda zamanzere zamtima ndi zamanja.
Ambiri mwa ana omwe amabadwa ndi matenda amtima obadwa nawo samapitilira chaka chawo choyamba chamoyo. Omwe amakhala ndi moyo adzapatsidwa kuwunika ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kwa moyo wawo wonse, mankhwala, ndi maopaleshoni.
Amayi oyembekezera omwe amasuta amathanso kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zam'mimba, zomwe zitha kulepheretsa kuperekera zakudya kwa mwana wosabadwayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mwana azibadwa wochepa thupi, asanabadwe asanabadwe, komanso kuti khanda likhale lolimba.
Kusuta panthawi yapakati kumalumikizidwanso ndi matenda a khanda mwadzidzidzi (SIDS), komanso kuwonongeka kosalekeza kwa ubongo ndi mapapo a mwana, komanso makanda omwe ali ndi colic.
Mowa ndi pakati
Matenda a fetal alcohol (FAS) ndi zovuta za fetus mowa (FASD) ndimavuto omwe amapezeka mwa makanda omwe amamwa mowa nthawi yomwe amakhala m'mimba.
Ana omwe ali ndi FAS amakhala ndi nkhope zosazolowereka, zoperewera pakukula, komanso mavuto amkati mwamanjenje.
Ali pachiwopsezo chotenga zovuta zophunzirira
Kuphatikiza zomwe zimakhudza kutalikirana kwawo ndi zovuta zamatenda, kuchedwa kwa kulankhula ndi chilankhulo, kulemala kwa nzeru, masomphenya ndi kumva, komanso mavuto amtima, impso, ndi mafupa.
Ngakhale zomwe akatswiri ena anganene, bungwe la US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) likunena motsimikiza kuti palibe "mowa woyenera kumwa" komanso "nthawi yabwino kumwa mowa" mukakhala ndi pakati.
Mowa, utsi wa ndudu, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zatsimikizira kuti zimakhudza anthu otukuka kwathunthu, zimawononga mwana wosabadwa. Mayi woyembekezera amalumikizidwa ndi mwana wake kudzera pa nsengwa ndi umbilical chingwe.
Ngati amasuta, kumwa mowa, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kumwa mankhwalawa onse atatu, mwana wake m'mimba amalandiranso zomwe amamwa monga nicotine, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso mowa. Ngakhale mayi wapakati atakumana ndi zovuta zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, mwana wake amakhala wotsimikizika nthawi zonse kuti adzakumana ndi zovuta zomwe zidzawalemere moyo wawo wonse.
Zonena zaposachedwa
Zida zambiri komanso anthu omwe akuwayesa ngati akatswiri azachipatala anena posachedwa kuti kudya pang'ono kapena kosamalidwa bwino kwa zinthu zina, monga mowa, sikungakhale ndi zovuta kwa mayi woyembekezera komanso mwana wosabadwa.
Pakadali pano, palibe kafukufuku wokwanira wobwezera izi. Pofuna kupewa ngozi, akatswiri azachipatala odalirika komanso odziwa zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti mupewe mankhwala amtundu uliwonse (kaya ndi ovomerezeka kapena oletsedwa), mowa, komanso fodya panthawi yapakati.