Zamkati
- Ndi ufulu wanji wakuchezera womwe agogo ali nawo?
- Malamulo aboma
- 1. Malamulo oletsa kuchezera
- 2. Malamulo obwereza oyendera-
- Khothi Lalikulu lalamula za ufulu wa agogo
- Troxel v Granville, 530 US 57 (2000)
- Chigamulo cha khothi
- Kodi zotsatira za Troxel vs Granville zinali zotani?
- Ngati mukufuna ufulu woyendera agogo, kodi muyenera kupita kukhothi?
Ndi ufulu wanji wakuchezera womwe agogo ali nawo?
Mpaka ma 1970, kuchezeredwa kwa agogo ndi ufulu wosunga mwana kunalibe. Mpaka pomwe posachedwa pomwe maulendowa amangogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makolo a mwanayo. Mwamwayi, lero boma lililonse lakhazikitsa malamulo okhudzana ndi ufulu woyendera agogo ndi ena omwe si makolo. Osakhala makolo angaphatikizepo anthu monga makolo opeza, olera, ndi olera.
Malamulo aboma
Pofuna kupatsa agogo ufulu woyendera, boma lililonse lili ndi malangizo oyendetsera malamulo. Cholinga cha izi ndikuloleza agogo kupitiliza kulumikizana ndi adzukulu awo.
Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamalamulo yomwe ikupezeka pankhaniyi.
1. Malamulo oletsa kuchezera
Izi zimangopatsa ufulu woyendera agogo ngati kholo kapena onse awiri amwalira kapena ngati makolo asudzulana.
2. Malamulo obwereza oyendera-
Izi zimaloleza kuyendera mwana wachitatu kapena agogo aamuna kwa ana ngakhale makolo akadali okwatirana kapena amoyo. Monga nthawi zonse, khotilo lilingalira zokomera mwana. Makhothi agamula kuti maulendo amaloledwa ngati akukhulupirira kuti ndizothandiza mwana kulumikizana ndi agogo awo
Khothi Lalikulu lalamula za ufulu wa agogo
Malinga ndi malamulo aku US, makolo ali ndi ufulu wosankha momwe ana awo amaleredwera.
Troxel v Granville, 530 US 57 (2000)
Umu ndi momwe ufulu woyendera agogo amafunidwa mayi wa ana, Tommie Granville, amaletsa mwayi wawo wopita kukacheza ndi ana kamodzi pamwezi komanso maholide ena. Pansi pa malamulo aboma la Washington, wachitatu atha kupempha makhothi aboma kuti athe kupeza ufulu wochezera ana mosasamala kanthu za zomwe makolo angakane.
Chigamulo cha khothi
Chigamulo cha Khothi Lalikulu pankhani yokhudza kuyendera a Tommie Granville monga kholo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la Washington, kuphwanya ufulu wake monga kholo popanga zisankho pazoyang'anira, kusamalira, ndi chisamaliro cha ana ake.
Zindikirani - Khothi silinapeze ngati malamulo onse ochezera makolo osakhala kholo aphwanya Malamulo. Chigamulo chopangidwa ndi khothi chinali chokhacho ku Washington ndi malamulo omwe anali nawo.
Kuphatikiza apo, khotilo linanena kuti lamulo la Washington linali lotakata kwambiri. Izi zidachitika chifukwa zidalola kuti khothi lisinthe chigamulo cha kholo chokhudza ufulu wakuchezera agogo. Lingaliro ili lidapangidwa ngakhale kholo lili m'malo omwe amatha kuweruza bwino pankhaniyi.
Lamuloli limalola woweruza kuti apereke ufulu wakuchezera kwa aliyense amene wapempha maufuluwo ngati woweruzayo awona kuti zithandizira mwanayo. Izi zimaposa kuweruza ndi chisankho cha makolo. Khotilo linanena kuti lamulo la Washington linaphwanya ufulu wa makolo kulera ana awo ngati woweruza apereka mphamvuzi.
Kodi zotsatira za Troxel vs Granville zinali zotani?
- Khothi silinapeze kuti malamulo oyendera anthu ndi osagwirizana ndi malamulo.
- Opempha chipani chachitatu adaloledwa mchigawo chilichonse kufunafuna kuyendera.
- Mayiko ambiri amangoganiza kuti ufulu wocheza ndi anthu ena ngati cholemetsa chochepa kwa makolo kukhala ndi ulamuliro pakulera kwa ana awo.
- Pambuyo pa mlandu wa Troxel, mayiko ambiri tsopano akulemekeza kwambiri zomwe kholo loyenera lingasankhe pankhani yokomera mwana wawo posankha ngati angamupatse ufulu woyendera, makamaka ufulu wa agogo agogo.
Ngati mukufuna ufulu woyendera agogo, kodi muyenera kupita kukhothi?
Nthawi zambiri izi zimatha kuthetsedwa popanda kufunsa kuti khothi lithe. Kuyimira pakati nthawi zambiri kumakhala njira yabwino yothetsera kusamvana popanda ndalama zolipirira nkhaniyi kukhothi kuti athetse mavuto azakuchezera agogo.